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Blog: Sales & Use Tax

The first thing to establish with a client who has asked for due diligence work is what they are not getting.

This is not an audit. There is no opinion, no assurance, and no requirement that the procedures be sufficient to support one. The objective is different in kind: an audit asks whether the statements are fairly stated; diligence asks what the business actually earns, and what the buyer is taking on.

Those two questions ...

The most expensive sales tax mistake a CPA can make on a client's behalf takes about four minutes.

The client says they have been selling into a dozen states for three years and have never registered anywhere. The CPA, wanting to fix it, goes to the state's website and registers them.

That single act can eliminate the client's eligibility for the program that would have limited their exposure — and can convert a negotiable historical liability into a filed, ...

The mechanism is simple and the obstacle is not.

A high earner whose income exceeds the limit for direct Roth contributions makes a nondeductible contribution to a traditional IRA and then converts it to a Roth IRA. There is no income limit on conversions, which is what makes the route available.

What ruins it — and what clients almost never know about before they act — is the pro-rata rule.

The Pro-Rata Rule Is the

...

Sales and use tax is the area where automation is most necessary and most defensible, and the reason is structural rather than fashionable.

The volume is enormous — thousands of taxing jurisdictions with rates, boundaries, and rules that change continuously. The frequency is high — monthly filings across many states. And critically, most determinations are rule-based rather than judgmental at the transaction level: given a product, a ...

Our post on S corporation deadlines covers the pass-through deadline mechanics — the due date, the automatic extension, the per-shareholder penalty, and the state pass-through entity election traps. All of that applies here.

This post covers what is different about a partnership, and the differences are substantial: the capital account reporting, the allocation rules, and an ...

Every firm has a tax organizer, and every firm ends up chasing the same missing items in March. The reason is that organizers are built around documents clients receive — and the items that actually delay returns are the ones no document reports.

So this checklist is organized differently: what arrives without asking, what has to be asked for specifically, and what only a question will surface.

Tier One: What Clients Send

...

The limits themselves are a lookup. Publishing them here would produce a page that is wrong within a year and that someone relies on anyway.

What is durable — and what practitioners actually get wrong — is how the limits interact. In particular one distinction that explains most of the errors in this area, and one failure mode that no employer can detect.

Fill This In From the Annual Announcement

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If it is December and you are short, the instinct is to buy the fastest available hours. That instinct produces licensees who complete a full deficiency and remain non-compliant, because hours are not fungible — and the wrong hours are as useless as no hours.

So the sequence matters more than the speed. Three steps before purchasing anything, and they take twenty minutes.

Step 1: Establish What You Actually Need

From your own state

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Fringe benefit questions arrive constantly and clients ask them backwards. "Is this taxable?" invites a search for a rule making it taxable, and no such rule exists for most items.

The default is that everything is taxable. Compensation for services, in any form — cash, property, services, or the use of property — is includible in the employee's income unless a specific provision excludes it. So the analysis is always the same: which exclusion applies, and

...

Most of the entities that genuinely need internal control over financial reporting are not required to have it.

A private company, a family business, or a nonprofit has no filing obligation compelling a control framework — and every practical reason to want one. The owner is making decisions on those numbers. A lender is lending on them. And the fraud exposure is highest precisely where controls are weakest, which at a small entity is nearly everywhere.

Our post on the

Working capital is the most-computed and least-understood figure in financial analysis. Current assets minus current liabilities produces a number, the number is compared to last year, and almost nothing is learned.

The reason is that the level tells you very little and the composition and velocity tell you nearly everything. Two companies with identical working capital can be in entirely different condition — one holding cash and current receivables, the other ...

Most SOX guidance is written for large filers and then applied to small ones, which is how a company with nine people in accounting ends up documenting four hundred controls.

The requirements do scale, and the scaling is real rather than rhetorical. What determines a smaller company's cost is a single early decision — scoping — and companies that get it wrong spend two or three times what they needed to while producing a control set nobody can actually ...

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